my.cnf
my.cnf — это файл конфигурации MySQL. Чтобы найти файл, используйте команду:
locate my.cnf
В Linux’e обычно он находится по такому пути:
/etc/my.cnf # либо /etc/mysql/my.cnf
Редактирование
Для редактирования необходимо открыть файл my.cnf в текстовом редакторе:
nano /etc/my.cnf
После внесения изменений в файл, необходимо делать перезапуск mysql:
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
Пример конфигурации
Это пример настроек Mysql для сервера с 1Гб оперативной памяти и двумя ядрами:
client] port = 3306 socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock [mysqld_safe] socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock nice = 0 [mysqld] user = mysql pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock port = 3306 basedir = /usr datadir = /var/lib/mysql tmpdir = /tmp language = /usr/share/mysql/english old_passwords = 0 bind-address = 127.0.0.1 skip-external-locking max_allowed_packet = 16M key_buffer = 16M [p:innodb_buffer_pool_size] = 512M [p:innodb_file_per_table] = 1 [p:innodb_flush_method] = O_DIRECT [p:innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit] = 0 thread_stack = 128K [p:thread_cache_size] = 128 myisam-recover = BACKUP max_connections = 128 table_cache = 32 query_cache_limit = 1M [p:query_cache_size] = 4M [p:slow_query_log] = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log long_query_time = 1 expire_logs_days = 10 [p:max_binlog_size] = 100M [mysqldump] quick quote-names max_allowed_packet = 16M
Если в вашем конфиге есть настройка thread_concurrency — уберите ее.
Стандартные конфигурации
Для удобства используйте одну из указанных конфигураций для вашего сервера:
Для 2Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 136
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 4Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 144
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 8Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4096M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 160
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 16Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 8192M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 192
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 32Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16384M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 256
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 64Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32768M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 384
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Для 128Гб оперативной памяти
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysqld_safe]
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
nice = 0
[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
basedir = /usr
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
tmpdir = /tmp
language = /usr/share/mysql/english
old_passwords = 0
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
skip-external-locking
max_allowed_packet = 16M
key_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 65536M
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0
max_connections = 640
query_cache_size = 0
slow_query_log = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time = 1
expire_logs_days = 10
max_binlog_size = 100M
[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet = 16M
Этот текст был написан несколько лет назад. С тех пор упомянутые здесь инструменты и софт могли получить обновления. Пожалуйста, проверяйте их актуальность.
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Текст, который будет отправлен нашим редакторам: